The University of the Philippines (UP; Filipino: Unibersidad ng Pilipinas or Pamantasan ng Pilipinas) is a state public university system in the Philippines. It is the country's national university, as mandated by Republic Act No. 9500 (UP Charter of 2008), which grants it institutional autonomy.

The University of the Philippines was established by the American colonial government on June 18, 1908, through the enactment of Act No. 1870 by the 1st Philippine Legislature. It was envisioned as the country's premier institution of higher learning, with a mandate to provide "advanced instruction in literature, philosophy, the sciences, and the arts and to give professional and technical training," regardless of "age, sex, nationality, religious belief, or political affiliation."

The university's founding academic units were established primarily in Manila and Los Baños, Laguna. UP later expanded to Quezon City in 1949, where UP Diliman became the nucleus of the entire university system. Today, the university consists of eight autonomous constituent universities (CUs) and one autonomous college: UP Diliman, which hosts the system's central administration; UP Los Baños; UP Manila; UP Visayas; UP Open University; UP Mindanao; UP Baguio; UP Cebu; and UP Tacloban, which are distributed across 17 campuses nationwide.